UTIs in cats often present subtly, so prompt veterinary attention is crucial. Look for these symptoms: increased urination frequency, straining to urinate, blood in the urine (hematuria), licking the genital area excessively, and changes in litter box habits (e. g., inappropriate urination).
Causes and Risk Factors
Bacteria, usually E. coli, cause most feline UTIs. Several factors increase the risk. These include:
- Underlying Medical Conditions: Diabetes, kidney disease, and bladder stones significantly raise the chances of a UTI. Obstructions: Urinary tract blockages prevent proper drainage and increase infection risk. Stress: Environmental changes or conflict can weaken a cat’s immune system, making them more vulnerable. Breed and Age: Certain breeds, like Persians, and older cats may be predisposed. Hydration Levels: Insufficient water intake can lead to concentrated urine, promoting bacterial growth.
Diagnosis and Treatment
Your vet will perform a physical exam and likely run urine tests to identify bacteria and crystals. Imaging studies (ultrasound, X-rays) may be necessary to check for bladder stones or structural issues. Treatment typically includes antibiotics, like amoxicillin, tailored to the specific bacteria. Fluid therapy might also be recommended to help flush out the urinary tract.
Home Care and Prevention
Follow your vet’s instructions carefully regarding medication. Provide fresh, clean water at all times and encourage your cat to drink more. A diet rich in moisture can assist. Maintain a clean litter box. Stress reduction techniques, like providing safe spaces and reducing environmental disruptions, can help prevent future UTIs.
When to Seek Immediate Veterinary Care
Your cat shows signs of severe pain while urinating. There is a noticeable decrease in urination. Your cat appears lethargic or unwell.
Regular veterinary checkups, especially for older or predisposed cats, are essential for early detection and prevention.
