Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a serious condition causing high blood pressure in the arteries leading to your lungs. This increased pressure forces your heart to work harder, potentially leading to heart failure. PAH affects the small arteries in your lungs, making it difficult for your blood to flow efficiently through them. Early diagnosis is key.
Symptoms and Diagnosis
Common symptoms include shortness of breath, especially during exercise, fatigue, dizziness, and chest pain. Diagnosis involves physical examination, echocardiogram (to assess heart function), electrocardiogram (ECG, to assess heart rhythm), and right heart catheterization (to measure blood pressure in the pulmonary arteries). Blood tests may also be performed to rule out other conditions.
Treatment Options
Treatment aims to lower pulmonary artery pressure and improve your quality of life. Medication plays a central role. Sildenafil (Revatio) and tadalafil (Adcirca) are examples of pulmonary vasodilators that help relax and widen blood vessels, improving blood flow. Other medications, such as endothelin receptor antagonists and prostanoids, may also be used depending on the severity and specific characteristics of your PAH. In some cases, surgery or other interventions may be considered.
Lifestyle Modifications
Lifestyle changes can complement medical treatment. Regular exercise, tailored to your abilities, is beneficial. Maintaining a healthy weight and following a balanced diet contribute to overall well-being. Quitting smoking is crucial, as smoking worsens lung conditions. Regular check-ups with your doctor are also vital for ongoing monitoring and adjustment of treatment plans.
