Finasteride works by inhibiting the enzyme 5α-reductase. This enzyme converts testosterone into dihydrotestosterone (DHT), a hormone strongly implicated in male pattern baldness. By blocking 5α-reductase, finasteride significantly reduces DHT levels in the scalp.
Types of 5α-reductase and Finasteride’s Specificity
There are two main types of 5α-reductase: type 1 and type 2. Finasteride primarily targets type 2, the predominant isoenzyme in the scalp. This explains its effectiveness in treating androgenetic alopecia. Type 1 is less impacted, minimizing potential side effects in other parts of the body.
Reduced DHT levels lead to a decrease in hair follicle miniaturization, a key process in hair loss. This allows for the growth of thicker, longer hairs, potentially reversing some signs of hair thinning. The results vary among individuals, with factors like genetics and the duration of treatment influencing outcomes. Consult your doctor for personalized advice and monitoring.
