Avoid Labetalol IV in patients with known hypersensitivity to the drug or its components. This includes a history of allergic reactions such as rash, itching, or swelling.
Exercise caution in patients with:
- Bradycardia: Labetalol lowers heart rate; monitor closely and adjust dosage accordingly. Consider alternative treatment if bradycardia persists or is severe. Second – or third-degree atrioventricular block: Labetalol can worsen conduction disturbances; avoid use unless absolutely necessary and under close cardiac monitoring. Severe bronchospasm (e. g., asthma, COPD): Labetalol can worsen bronchospasm; use with extreme caution or avoid entirely, especially in patients with a history of significant respiratory issues. Consider alternative antihypertensive medications. Severe peripheral vascular disease: Labetalol can further impair peripheral blood flow. Assess risk carefully. Pheochromocytoma: Use with extreme caution, as it may trigger paradoxical hypertension. Cardiogenic shock: Labetalol may negatively impact cardiac output. Alternative treatments are generally preferred.
Before administering Labetalol IV, obtain a thorough patient history, including medication list, allergies, and relevant medical conditions.
Closely monitor vital signs (heart rate, blood pressure) during and after infusion. Adjust dosage based on the patient’s response and maintain hemodynamic stability.
Be prepared to manage potential adverse effects such as hypotension, bradycardia, and bronchospasm. Have appropriate supportive medications readily available.
Continuous cardiac monitoring is advisable, particularly in high-risk patients. Regular blood pressure monitoring is crucial throughout the infusion and for a period afterward.
Inform the patient of potential side effects, including dizziness, fatigue, and nausea. Advise them to avoid activities requiring alertness until side effects subside.
